Yukon Oil Furnace Owner's Manual download pdf (Page 20)

WHAT SIZE COAL SHOULD I BURN?

The air space between the furnace grates is 1/2 inch; therefore,

coal smaller than 1/2 inch can fall through the grates into the ash

pan.

Pea size coal ranges from 9/16 to 11/16 inch.

Nut size coal ranges from 1-3/16 to 1-5/8 inches.

Stove size coal ranges from 1-5/8 to 2-7/16 inches.

Nut size is preferred by most people and is recommended for

use in this furnace.

Anthracite coal is hard and burns like the charcoal that is used in

your barbecue grill. The coals must touch each other to ignite. There-

fore, the smaller the coal, the easier to ignite. Stove coal is not as

likely to touch each other because of its size.

Bituminous coal is soft and not as desirable as hard coal. It creates

dust when handled and produces large amounts of smoke and soot

when burned at a slow rate. Also, soft coal from some areas of the

country contains higher sulfur content, but a large portion of it may

be removed if the coal is cleaned.

HOW TO START A COAL FIRE

To start a coal fire, place a small amount of crumpled paper and

sticks of kindling wood on the ash-covered grates.

Ignite the paper and after the wood is burning briskly, cover with a

thin layer of coal. As the first layer of coal becomes ignited, add

more coal gradually until the fire bed is built up to approximately 6

inches deep. As fresh coal is added always leave some of the glow-

ing coal uncovered.

Draw the top red coals toward the front of the firebox and pile fresh

coals toward the back.

The grates must be protected from direct contact with the fire by a

layer of ash, one (1) or two (2) inches thick. The ash left on the

grate will help prevent overheating of the cast iron grates and coal

from falling through the grate’s opening.

MAINTAINING A COAL FIRE

Bituminous coal should be built into a cone shape once the fire has

started. When refiring, break up the cone a little using a poker, es-

pecially if it has caked over to form a crust. Be careful not to mix the

coal as this increases the chance of forming clinkers.

Western lignite coal should be burned the same way you would

burn wood. (Refer to wood burning instruction.)

SHAKING THE GRATES

Shaking a fire should only be done if room is needed for fresh coal

or if the ash accumulation on the grates is excessive. Generally,

the grates need only be shaken once or twice a day.

Shake the grates using a few short strokes and stop when the first

CAUTION

Do not use kerosene, gasoline, thinners, etc. to start a

coal fire.

red coals appear in the ash pan. Under-shaking restricts the amount

of air that reaches the fire and over-shaking may cause the fire to

go out.

A coal fire should never be poked or broken up as this serves to

bring ash to the surface of the coal bed where it may fuse into

lumps or clinkers which interfere with proper burning.

Anthracite Coal — To bank the fire for the night, pile the coal higher

to the back of the firebox and allow it to slope toward the fire box

door. Always leave some red or burning coals uncovered in the

front of the firebox.

Bituminous Coal — To bank the fire for the night, shake the fire and

add coal, forming the center cone. Allow enough time for the vola-

tiles to burn off before closing the fire door.

GRATE CARE — ASH REMOVAL

It is necessary that ashes be removed from the ash pan on a daily

basis and should never be allowed to accumulate high enough to

come in contact with the grates. Such a condition could cut off nec-

essary air circulation and could also result in a warping or burnout

of the grates.

ASH DISPOSAL

Unlike wood ashes, coal ash should not be spread on the garden.

The minerals in coal ash contain several chemicals which could be

harmful to plant life.

RECOVERING UNBURNED COAL

Screen coal ashes through a piece of 1/4 inch or 3/8 inch mesh

hardware cloth to recover any unburned coal that has fallen though

the grates

STORAGE OF COAL

Coal may be stored indoors or outdoors, with some precautions:

1. The storage area must be free of materials that are

easily burned, such as paper, wood, rags and leaves.

2. Alternate wetting and drying of coal should be avoid-

ed. Outside storages should be protected from rain

or snow. Wet coal should not be piled on dry coal.

3. Locate the storage area in a cool, 75º F or lower,

area.

4. Nut coal weighs approximately 58 lbs. per cu. ft. A

storage bin 4-feet square by 4-feet high will hold 2

tons.

CLEANING FURNACE AND CHIMNEY FLUE PIPES

Be sure to check and clean the furnace heat exchange flue pipes

and chimney on a frequent basis. Soot and fly ash should not be

allowed to build up on any of these surfaces. Chimneys are best

cleaned professionally.

IMPORTANT

Never smother fire when adding fresh coal.

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Yukon Oil Furnace Owner's Manual Page 20

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